"The line between human and machine authorship is blurring, particularly as it's become increasingly difficult to tell whether something was written by a person or AI. Now, in what may seem like a tipping point, the digital marketing firm Graphite recently published a study showing that more than 50% of articles on the Web are being generated by artificial intelligence."
"In it, Eco draws a contrast between two attitudes toward mass media. There are the "apocalyptics" who fear cultural degradation and moral collapse. Then there are the "integrated" who champion new media technologies as a democratizing force for culture. Back then, Eco was writing about the proliferation of TV and radio. Today, you'll often see similar reactions to AI. Yet Eco argued that both positions were too extreme. It isn't helpful, he wrote, to see new media as either a dire threat or a miracle."
AI increasingly produces online content, with a study finding over half of web articles generated by AI, blurring human and machine authorship. A scholar examining AI construction, everyday uses, and cultural effects evaluates capabilities and limits and questions whether human writing will become obsolete or adapt. Umberto Eco's "Apocalyptic and Integrated" contrasts "apocalyptics" who fear cultural collapse with "integrated" proponents of new media democratization. Eco rejected both extremes and recommended examining how communities use technologies, the risks and opportunities they create, and how they shape and sometimes reinforce existing power structures. The deepfake context during the 2024 election underscored these dynamics.
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