Printing in Kurdish started in the late 1860s within the Ottoman Empire, predominantly in regions like Cairo and Istanbul. Early presses were controlled by the government, primarily printing in Turkish. Censorship and political conditions limited Kurdish publications from being produced within Kurdistan itself. Additionally, the first Kurdish-owned press, 'Matba'a Kurdistan 'Ilmiya,' was established in Cairo, focusing on Arabic texts. This history reflects the complexities and challenges that shaped the development of Kurdish literature and identity in the region.
The first printing presses in Kurdish areas were established in the late 1860s by the government for printing Turkish, not Kurdish materials.
Kurdish publications primarily emerged from outside Kurdistan, particularly Cairo and Istanbul, due to government restrictions and more lax censorship.
The first Kurdish-owned printing press, 'Matba'a Kurdistan 'Ilmiya', was in Cairo but focused on Arabic rather than Kurdish publication.
The first notable Kurdish publications in Iraq were initiated much later, reflecting the challenges faced in establishing a national literary identity.
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