"A firewall is often the heart and soul of desktop security. With a firewall, you can block or allow traffic in and/or out of your computer. Of course, it's the incoming traffic that you need to be most concerned about. You don't want some ne'er-do-well to see port 25 open on your PC and use it as a way to get into your system and do bad things. To that end, your firewall is the way you shut those ports down."
"Back in the old days, the Linux firewall was a very complicated piece of the puzzle. To use a Linux firewall in those early days, you had to learn the very complicated iptables system. Suffice it to say, that was not easy. I always had to keep copious notes on how to use iptables, and sometimes it even stumped me."
A firewall blocks or allows incoming and outgoing network traffic and prevents unwanted access through open ports. Incoming traffic poses the greatest risk because exposed ports can provide attackers a way into a system. Historically, Linux firewalls required learning complex iptables rules and configurations, which was difficult to master. Modern tools such as UFW and firewalld act as intermediaries for iptables and offer simplified command-line interfaces. Graphical front-ends make firewall configuration even easier by providing point-and-click controls for rules and profiles. GUFW is the most popular GUI for UFW, well-suited for beginners, and is typically available in distribution app stores for easy installation.
Read at ZDNET
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