Microsoft's Patch Tuesday update addressed 130 vulnerabilities, including 10 critical flaws primarily in Microsoft Office. The notable CVE-2025-49719 represents an information disclosure vulnerability in SQL Server due to improper input validation, allowing attackers to expose sensitive information. Despite not being actively exploited, its public disclosure heightens exploit chances. The CVSS score of 7.5 indicates the importance of this vulnerability, which can facilitate advanced attacks such as database structure mapping and recovery of authentication credentials, raising significant risks for organizations using SQL Server.
An attacker could map out database structures, identify injection points, and gather information to support more targeted intrusions. By accessing uninitialised memory, they might recover fragments of authentication credentials, potentially enabling further attacks against the database or related systems.
The risk increases when combined with other techniques - for example, using the leaked data to refine SQL injection, bypass authentication, or move laterally using connection strings that contain credentials to other systems.
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