Men and women differ in some traits more than others, with many differences being modest and overlapping across sexes. Some differences are relatively pronounced, including primary sexual attraction, upper body strength, height, likelihood of murder, and occupational interests. Other differences, such as maths ability and conscientiousness, are smaller. Height illustrates overlap: the shortest individuals are mostly women, the tallest are mostly men, and the average man is taller, yet many people fall in the shared range. Knowing a single measurement like 5ft 8in does not reliably indicate sex. Evolutionary explanations are used to connect physical, psychological, and cognitive differences to evolutionary heritage, while emphasizing scientific rigor and addressing common biases.
"Almost everyone gets sex wrong. Traditionalists tend to exaggerate the natural differences between men and women. Progressives tend to minimise them, and to assume that nurture and socialisation play a decisive role."
"To illustrate this, consider height: the shortest humans are almost all women, the tallest are men, the average man is taller than the average woman, but there is considerable common ground. Knowing that someone is 5ft 8in won't enable you to guess with any confidence whether they are a man or a woman, for instance."
"He wants to promote a more nuanced, scientifically rigorous public conversation about why and how men and women differ to guide better policymaking. Early on, Stewart-Williams offers a list of common biases in his fiel"
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