Measles: how does it spread and how can I protect my child?

"Measles is a highly infectious viral illness that can spread very easily among people who are not fully vaccinated. It usually starts with cold-like symptoms, followed by a rash a few days later. The rash starts on the face and behind the ears before spreading to the rest of the body. The spots of the measles rash, which are not usually itchy, are sometimes raised and join together to form blotchy patches. Some people may also get small spots in their mouth."

"While many people recover, the illness can lead to serious complications such as pneumonia or brain inflammation. In rare cases, measles can result in long-term disability or death. Babies and people with weakened immune systems are more at risk. Measles can also cause miscarriage or stillbirth, premature birth (before the 37th week of pregnancy), and a baby to have a low birthweight."

An outbreak of measles in London is affecting unvaccinated children under ten during a period of rising global infections. The UK was one of six countries to lose measles-free status granted by the World Health Organization. Measles spreads easily through breath, coughs and sneezes, with one case able to generate about 18 secondary infections and nine of 10 unvaccinated people likely to become infected if exposed. Initial symptoms resemble a cold, followed by a spreading facial rash and possible small mouth spots. Prevention includes vaccination, ventilation, handwashing, tissues for coughs and avoiding shared utensils. Severe complications include pneumonia, brain inflammation, long-term disability, death, and adverse pregnancy outcomes; babies and immunocompromised people face higher risk. A safe, cost-effective vaccine exists despite thousands of global deaths in 2024.

Read at www.theguardian.com