"The South Atlantic Anomaly is not just a single block,"
"It's changing differently towards Africa than it is near South America. There's something special happening in this region that is causing the field to weaken in a more intense way."
"Normally we'd expect to see magnetic field lines coming out of the core in the southern hemisphere,"
"But beneath the South Atlantic Anomaly we see unexpected areas where the magnetic field, instead of coming out of the core, goes back into the core."
A major dip in the Earth's magnetic field over the South Atlantic, known as the South Atlantic Anomaly, has puzzled scientists for over a century and has expanded rapidly in the last eleven years by an area about half the size of continental Europe. Measurements from the European Space Agency's Swarm satellites reveal complex regional behavior, including different changes toward Africa and South America and unexpected field lines returning into the core. A large, swirling mass of molten iron in the outer core, roughly 1,800 miles deep, likely contributes to the weakening, with additional factors also influencing the anomaly and magnetic models used for navigation and space-weather tracking.
#south-atlantic-anomaly #earths-magnetic-field #esa-swarm-satellites #core-dynamics #navigation-and-space-weather
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