"We didn't expect to see such a hot cluster atmosphere so early in cosmic history,"
"In fact, at first I was skeptical about the signal as it was too strong to be real,"
"But after months of verification, we've confirmed this gas is at least five times hotter than predicted, and even hotter and more energetic than what we find in many present-day clusters."
"This tells us that something in the early universe, likely three recently discovered supermassive black holes in the cluster, were already pumping huge amounts of energy into the surroundings and shaping the young cluster,"
An extremely hot galaxy cluster dating to about 1.4 billion years after the Big Bang was observed. The intracluster gas temperature measures at least five times higher than predictions and is hotter and more energetic than in many present-day clusters. Observations from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array revealed the unexpected signal after months of verification. Three recently identified supermassive black holes in the cluster likely injected large amounts of energy early on, driving rapid heating and altering cluster evolution. The finding challenges conventional gravitational-only cluster formation models and indicates an additional early energetic process.
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