The Mysterious Interstellar Object Appears to Be Pulsing in a "Heartbeat Pattern"

"The mysterious interstellar object 3I/ATLAS is just weeks away from reaching its closest point to Earth: it's expected to pass within just 170 million miles of our home planet on December 19, giving astronomers an unprecedented opportunity to take a closer look as it whizzes past. As Harvard astronomer Avi Loeb points out in a new blog post, they'll be building on intriguing existing observations from ground telescopes - including a paper published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics in October by a team of researchers in Europe and Africa that found signs that it's radiating a "heartbeat" pulse of light that repeats every 16.16 hours."

"While that may sound like an intriguing new fold in Loeb's longstanding efforts to support the theory that the object could be an extraterrestrial spacecraft visiting the solar system, there's likely a much more mundane explanation: that it's spinning, pulsing us with light like an interstellar lighthouse."

""Overall, 3I shows characteristics typical of weakly active outer Solar System comets, despite its interstellar origin," the researchers wrote in their paper. "Continued monitoring around perihelion is necessary to track changes in activity, color, which will provide insights into the evolution of interstellar materials under solar radiation." If it really is spinning, then 3I/ATLAS' anti-tail - which scientists suspect is the result of a pocket of material less affected by the Sun's radiation pressure - could be causing a stream of particles to flood to its coma, a fuzzy atmosphere of ice and dust surrounding its nucleus. "In the context of a natural comet, this can arise from a sunward jet (anti-tail) that is initiated only when a large pocket of ice on one side of the nucleus is facing the Sun," Loeb wrote. "As a result, the coma will get pumped up every time the ice pocket is facing the Sun." That kind of activity can resemble a "heartbeat with a puff of gas and dust"

3I/ATLAS will reach perihelion near Earth on December 19 at about 170 million miles. Ground observations report a repeating 16.16‑hour pulse of light from the object. Periodic brightening can arise from rotation that exposes an icy region to sunlight, producing jets of gas and dust that expand the coma. Observed characteristics match weakly active outer Solar System comets, and an anti-tail may indicate a pocket of material less affected by solar radiation pressure releasing particles. Continued monitoring around perihelion is necessary to track changes in activity, color, and the evolution of interstellar materials under solar radiation.

Read at Futurism