Pogonomyrmex barbatus harvester ants have been observed making regular visits to the nests of much smaller ants, which groom these larger visitors. This behavior represents the first known example of mutualism between different ant species, showcasing the intricate social dynamics within ant communities.
Red-necked keelback snakes possess a potent toxin derived from the toads they consume, which can cause severe harm to predators like mongooses. The snakes store these toxins in specialized nuchal glands.