The article discusses the nature of dark matter (DM), exploring its historical context and various candidates, notably Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) and Strongly Interacting Massive Particles (SIMPs). The thermal DM candidates, like WIMPs, emerge from thermal equilibrium in the universe's early phases and achieve stability via the freeze-out mechanism, showcasing their expected mass range of GeV-TeV. An analysis of dark matter detection is included, alongside theoretical and experimental constraints on these candidates, ultimately highlighting a two-component dark matter model that broadens the scope of investigation within a unified framework.
Dark matter candidates include weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), produced thermally in the early universe, which satisfy relic density through the freeze-out mechanism.
In the thermal dark matter scenario, candidates are in thermal equilibrium with the Standard Model at high temperatures, leading to their eventual freeze-out and stable relic density.
The two-component dark matter model expands beyond WIMPs, incorporating new theoretical constructs and phenomenological analyses to account for potential interactions and constraints.
Recent studies also point to strongly interacting massive particles (SIMPs), which present an alternative candidate in the MeV mass range, raising interest for experimental verification.
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