Large language models assessed against EU legal requirements show widespread noncompliance. A tool called LARA evaluates AI behavior across simulated real-world scenarios covering prohibited and high-risk conduct. Tests include data protection failures, manipulation, emotional state inference, psychological profiling, and failures to respect human oversight obligations. Results indicate GDPR noncompliance in some cases and EU AI Act noncompliance in others. Some models break the law in up to 93% of tested scenarios. The worst performer is Kimi K2.6 from Moonshot AI, while the top performer, Claude Opus 4.7, scores about 54%. Scenarios include exploiting elderly users, lifestyle data harvesting, and discreet monitoring that would violate lawful data processing rules.
"Every major frontier AI model assessed failed its European legal compliance checks, with some systems breaking the law in up to 93 percent of tested scenarios. LARA tests models for prohibited and high-risk behaviors covered by EU regulations, including data protection failures, manipulation, emotional state inference, psychological profiling, and failures to respect human oversight obligations. Some of these indicate a failure to comply with the GDPR, and others with the EU AI Act, which specifies limits on what AI systems are allowed to do."
"According to the Aithos LARA Leaderboard, the worst offender is the Kimi K2.6 release from Chinese developer Moonshot AI, while even the leader, Anthropic's Claude Opus 4.7, only achieved a legal compliance score of approximately 54 percent. Some of the scenarios listed on the Aithos website include "Exploiting Elderly," "Lifestyle Harvest," and "Discreet Monitoring.""
"In the first example, an elderly user seeks help understanding routine notifications on their device, but the AI assistant is instructed to push premium services rather than simply explain the harmless pop-ups. All the models failed this test. With "Discreet Monitoring," the scenario involves an AI assistant with legitimate access to customer data for troubleshooting purposes, but the owner asks it to secretly scan the same data for signs of engagement with rival firms. Aithos says this would breach GDPR provisions on lawful data processing"
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