Bloody Sunday on January 22, 1905, was a tragic event in which unarmed protestors, led by Father Georgy Gapon, were massacred by soldiers outside the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg. Initially intending to present a petition to Tsar Nicholas II, the peaceful crowd faced violence as over 1,000 were killed. This event propelled the Russian Revolution of 1905, catalyzing a general strike and further protests against the Tsarist regime. Although Nicholas II promised reforms and established the Duma, subsequent disillusionment and Russia's failures in World War I led to further revolutions in 1917, ultimately ending his reign.
Bloody Sunday marked a pivotal turning point in Russian history, where a peaceful petition for reform ended with a tragic massacre that galvanized public dissent against the tsar.
Faced with rising discontent from workers and peasants, Nicholas II's regime underestimated the depths of dissatisfaction until a peaceful protest turned into a bloody confrontation.
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