Node.js has been favored for web app development because of its efficient handling of I/O-bound operations using an asynchronous event loop. However, its design poses challenges for CPU-intensive tasks, particularly with the increasing prevalence of multi-core processors. The example of a synchronous `calculatePrimes` function illustrates how such computations block the event loop, leading to application inefficiencies. To address these limitations, developers should explore parallel computing solutions to enhance performance in Node.js applications, leveraging multiple threads to distribute computational loads effectively.
Node.js is optimal for I/O-bound applications due to its asynchronous, non-blocking nature, but its single-threaded model limits performance for CPU-intensive tasks.
Despite its advantages in I/O operations, Node.js's reliance on a single thread means it struggles with computationally heavy tasks, especially on multi-core processors.
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