Republicans are revisiting the exclusion of individuals in the U.S. illegally from census data used for congressional seat apportionment. A recent study found that excluding these individuals would have minimally altered the outcomes of congressional and presidential elections over the past four censuses, with possibly only two House seats and three Electoral College votes changing hands. The researchers emphasized that this inclusion has had negligible effects on party control and elections. The current debate stems from the 14th Amendment's mandate to count all persons, not just citizens, in apportionment processes.
Republicans are attempting to change the census apportionment process, arguing only citizens should be counted, despite studies showing minimal impact on election outcomes.
The study found that excluding non-citizens from congressional seat calculations would have shifted no more than two House seats and three Electoral College votes in recent decades.
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