"Currently the lack of regulation, experience in use and toxicity of ammonia on board ships constitute major safety deterrents," said Laure Baratgin, head of commercial operations at mining giant Rio Tinto.
"Pending our confidence and that of our partners, industry, and communities, that the risks are sufficiently controlled, we will look to charter ammonia dual-fuel vessels, the specific timing of which remains uncertain," she told Reuters.
Ammonia's appeal is that it is carbon-free, and would be a zero emission fuel if made from hydrogen produced with renewable electricity.
The first cargo ships that would be powered by ammonia are set to enter service in 2026, one of several alternatives the industry is tapping to shrink a carbon footprint accounting for nearly 3% of global emissions.
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