CISA has added a medium-severity security vulnerability in Microsoft Windows, identified as CVE-2025-24054, to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog after reports of active exploitation. This vulnerability involves a spoofing bug associated with the legacy NTLM authentication protocol, which Microsoft deprecated in favor of Kerberos. Exploitation can occur with minimal interaction through crafted files, enabling attackers to extract NTLM hashes and potentially infiltrate systems, as evidenced by recent campaigns targeting government and private institutions in Poland and Romania.
Microsoft Windows NTLM contains an external control of file name or path vulnerability that allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.
Around March 20-21, 2025, a campaign targeted government and private institutions in Poland and Romania.
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