Zambia's Cyber Security and Cyber Crimes Acts, signed into law by President Hakainde Hichilema, are intended to enhance national security and combat digital crimes. Supporters of the laws claim they are progressive and necessary for protecting citizens, while rights organizations argue they undermine democratic freedoms. The laws permit widespread interception and surveillance of electronic communications and impose severe penalties for violations, including extradition for offenses committed abroad. The Zambia Cyber Security Agency is now under the Office of the President, prompting concerns about governmental overreach in personal privacy.
The legislation allows for the extradition of Zambians abroad, and stiff penalties, from fines to prison sentences potentially two to 25 years depending on the specific offense committed.
Mulambo Haimbe stated that the legislation is meant to protect citizens online and not stifle fundamental freedoms, correcting the misconception of unwarranted intrusion into personal details.
Supporters called the laws progressive, asserting they would help fight digital crimes and improve national security, while rights groups labeled them undemocratic.
The Cyber Security Agency has been moved under the Office of the President, raising concerns about increased governmental control and oversight.
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