"Axon regeneration in the central nervous system: facing the challenges from the inside. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 34, 495521 (2018)."
"Assembly of a new growth cone after axotomy: the precursor to axon regeneration. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 13, 183193 (2012)."
"Traumatic axonal injury induces calcium influx modulated by tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium channels. J. Neurosci. 21, 19231930 (2001)."
Axon regeneration in the central nervous system faces limitations from both intrinsic neuronal programs and extrinsic inhibitory factors. Formation of a new growth cone after axotomy is a necessary precursor to successful axon regrowth. Injury triggers rapid, localized calcium influx that can drive axonal degeneration and is modulated by sodium channel activity. Maturation of axons reduces their regenerative capacity, contributing to failed regrowth in postnatal and adult tissues. Traumatic axonal injury produces network dysfunction by disrupting axonal integrity. Effective restoration of connectivity requires promoting intrinsic growth programs, protecting axons from calcium-mediated degeneration, and overcoming extrinsic inhibitory signals.
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