"The phones we carry around in our pockets have two million times more memory and are thousands of times faster than the room-sized computers that guided the Apollo mission to the Moon."
"Advanced semiconductors are, arguably, the most important technology in the world. Over the last five years, they have even emerged as a geopolitical flashpoint between the US and China."
"ASML makes the only machines in the world capable of stenciling the transistors onto chips with the precision necessary to fit billions on a 30-centimeter wafer."
"The key to ASML's success is a technology called photolithography (sometimes just called lithography)."
The evolution of technology has led to phones with vastly more memory and speed than Apollo mission computers, driven by smaller transistors. Semiconductors, containing billions of these transistors, are vital for computing. ASML, a Dutch company, is the only manufacturer of machines that can precisely stencil transistors onto chips. These complex machines require extensive logistics to transport and are essential for semiconductor production. ASML's rise involved collaboration with the US government and significant investment in new technology, positioning it as a leader in the industry.
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