In the early 1800s, the natural carbonation found in some mineral springs was sought out for its healing effects. Physicians had been instructing patients to immerse themselves in or imbibe mineral waters, the bubblier the better.
This Is The Reason Beer Tastes Better Cold - Tasting Table
"From a technical standpoint, beer doesn't really taste better colder, you just taste less of it. A beer that is just above freezing will lack noticeable aroma and flavor."