Italian colonialism (late 19th century–WWII) established Eritrea and Somali territories, used private initiatives and state control, and suffered defeat at Adwa.
At least three dead after AU helicopter crashes at airport in Somalia
A helicopter used by an African Union peacekeeping mission has crashed at Aden Adde airport in Mogadishu, killing at least three people. The incident occurred while the helicopter was trying to land.
Sayyid Mohammed Abdullah Hassan led a major anti-colonial resistance in the Horn of Africa, advocating for an independent Somalia against European powers.