Domestic dogs' brains have evolved to become smaller living in simpler environments, having fewer cognitive demands compared to wild dogs. The decrease in brain size may be due to decreased necessity for metabolically costly brain tissue in a domesticated setup.
Over 15,000 years of domestication, the relative brain size in dogs dramatically reduced compared to their ancestral grey wolf species. The widely-accepted theory suggests lesser cognitive demands in domestic dogs lead to brain shrinkage.
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