Studies pin down exactly when humans and Neanderthals swapped DNA
Briefly

"We tried to compare where in the genomes these [Neanderthal segments] occur and if the positions are shared among individuals or if there are many unique segments that you find [in people from different places]. We find the majority of the segments are shared, and that would be consistent with the fact that there was a single gene flow event."
"The results suggest that the gene flow event between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens occurred over a shorter period than previously thought, around 50,500 to 43,000 years ago."
Read at Ars Technica
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