Flash floods develop with little warning, often giving forecasters just hours to predict their paths. Texas experienced devastating flash floods over Independence Day weekend, resulting in over 100 fatalities, including many children. Effective warning systems require comprehensive weather and water data, complicated by factors like climate change and recent federal research cuts. The National Weather Service defines flash floods as those occurring within six hours of intense rainfall. Accurate predictions hinge on various meteorological elements, including cloud characteristics and environmental conditions, presenting ongoing challenges to scientists.
Getting those very precise measurements at those very precise locations is something that we're still working on.
The shape of a cloud, where water accumulates in the cloud, and how dry the air is between the cloud and the ground in different locations, are all factors that might influence how much rain hits the ground.
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