There is a glaring gap in our knowledge of the physical world: none of our well-established theories describe gravity's quantum nature. Physicists expect that this quantum nature is essential for explaining extreme situations such as the very early universe and the deep interior of black holes.
The established classical concept of gravity is Einstein's general theory of relativity, which spectacularly predicts phenomena from the bending of light to black holes. However, we currently lack an established theory of quantum gravity.
Loop quantum gravity and string theory are leading contenders in the quest for a theory of quantum gravity, with loop quantum gravity viewing spacetime as a network of tiny loops and string theory as particles being fundamentally vibrating strings.
Recent developments suggest it may be possible to conduct laboratory experiments that could provide insights into the quantum behavior of gravity, a potential that is extremely exciting and could change our understanding of fundamental physics.
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